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Peyk-i Şevket-class cruiser
The ''Peyk-i Şevket'' class was a pair of torpedo cruisers built for the Ottoman Navy by the German shipyard Germaniawerft in 1906–07. The class comprised two ships: and . They were ordered as part of a program to modernize the Ottoman fleet at the turn of the century. The ships were small vessels, at only ; they were nevertheless heavily armed for their size, with three torpedo tubes and a pair of guns along with several smaller weapons.
Neither ship saw action during the Italo-Turkish War of 1911–12, as ''Peyk-i Şevket'' had been interned in Suez and ''Berk-i Satvet'' spent the war confined to the Sea of Marmara with the main Ottoman fleet. Both ships took a more active role in the Balkan Wars, frequently providing gunfire to support to Ottoman troops in East Thrace. During World War I, both ships served in the Black Sea, where they conducted patrols, escorted convoys, and attacked Russian ports. In January 1915, ''Berk-i Satvet'' was mined off the Bosporus, and seven months later, ''Peyk-i Şevket'' was torpedoed by the British submarine in the Sea of Marmara. Both ships were repaired and returned to service by 1918.
After the end of the war, both ships were kept in service with the new Turkish Navy, with lengthy overhauls in the mid-1920s. Both ships were extensively modernized in the late 1930s, and they remained in service to 1944, when they were finally decommissioned. Both vessels were ultimately broken up in the early 1950s.
==Design==
The ''Peyk-i Şevket'' class was classified as a torpedo cruiser by the Ottoman Navy,〔''Fleets of the World'', p. 140〕 but was also sometimes referred to as a torpedo gunboat.〔Gardiner & Gray, p. 392〕 The two ships were authorized in 1903, and were ordered from the Krupp-owned Germaniawerft shipyard in Germany, as part of a deal to modernize the elderly ironclad .〔Langensiepen & Güleryüz, p. 12〕 The two cruisers were part of a naval reconstruction program that began in the late 1890s, following the Greco-Turkish War of 1897, in which the Ottoman fleet had been unable to play an active role.〔Langensiepen & Güleryüz, pp. 9–11〕
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